Frost Dates and Planting Windows in Michigan

The 32°F frost dates at the 211 weather stations in Michigan with NOAA's 1991–2020 Climate Normals, and the planting windows they give. These are long-term statistics, not a forecast. For the dates at the station nearest you, enter your ZIP code.

Frost dates across Michigan

Each risk level uses a date with a set chance of frost. In spring, it's the chance of a 32°F frost on or after the last-frost date. In fall, it's the chance of the first 32°F frost on or before the first-frost date. At the Typical level (30%), the last frost ranges from April 23 to June 16 across the state, and the first frost from September 2 to November 1.

32°F frost dates: earliest and latest among 211 stations, by risk level
Risk level	Earliest last frost	Latest last frost	Earliest first frost	Latest first frost
Conservative (10%)	May 42 stations	July 7AMASA 1W, MI US	August 20AMASA 1W, MI US	October 24S HAVEN, MI US
Typical (30%)	April 23S HAVEN, MI US	June 16VANDERBILT 11ENE, MI US	September 2AMASA 1W, MI US	November 1S HAVEN, MI US
Aggressive (50%)	April 17S HAVEN, MI US	June 7VANDERBILT 11ENE, MI US	September 9AMASA 1W, MI US	November 5S HAVEN, MI US

Growing season length

The growing season is the stretch between the last spring frost and the first fall frost at 32°F. NOAA gives it as a length with a chance of being at least that long. Each risk level uses the length with that chance of a shorter season, so Conservative shows the shortest lengths.

Growing season at 32°F: shortest and longest among 211 stations
Risk level	Shortest	Longest
Conservative (90% chance of at least this long)	59 daysAMASA 1W, MI US	179 daysS HAVEN, MI US
Typical (70% chance of at least this long)	80 daysAMASA 1W, MI US	193 daysS HAVEN, MI US
Aggressive (50% chance of at least this long)	94 daysAMASA 1W, MI US	201 daysS HAVEN, MI US

Number of stations by growing season length, Typical (70% chance of at least this long)
Growing season	Stations
80–99 days	6
100–119 days	29
120–139 days	53
140–159 days	80
160–179 days	38
180–199 days	5

Planting windows across Michigan

For each crop, the earliest start and the latest end of its Typical windows among the stations. A window at any one station is shorter and falls inside this span. Transplant dates are for seedlings. A fall window is left out at stations where it would start on or before the last day of the spring window, so some rows cover fewer stations.

Typical planting windows (30% frost dates): earliest start and latest end among stations
Crop and task	Earliest start	Latest end	Stations
Basil: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Bean: Sow outdoors	April 23	June 16	211 of 211
Beet: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 16	211 of 211
Beet: Sow for fall	June 15	September 12	207 of 211
Broccoli: Transplant outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Broccoli: Transplant for fall	June 1	September 12	210 of 211
Brussels sprouts: Transplant outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Brussels sprouts: Transplant for fall	May 22	September 22	204 of 211
Cabbage: Transplant outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Cabbage: Transplant for fall	May 31	September 12	207 of 211
Cantaloupe: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Cantaloupe: Sow outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Carrot: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 16	211 of 211
Carrot: Sow for fall	June 10	September 2	206 of 211
Cucumber: Transplant outdoors	April 30	June 23	211 of 211
Cucumber: Sow outdoors	April 23	June 16	211 of 211
Eggplant: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Garlic: Plant for fall	September 2	November 15	211 of 211
Lettuce: Transplant outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Lettuce: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Lettuce: Sow for fall	June 1	September 22	210 of 211
Onion: Transplant or plant sets	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Peas: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Peas: Sow for fall	June 8	September 12	211 of 211
Pepper: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Potato: Plant seed potatoes	March 26	June 16	211 of 211
Pumpkin: Sow outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Radish: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Radish: Sow for fall	July 15	October 12	211 of 211
Spinach: Transplant outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Spinach: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Spinach: Sow for fall	June 20	September 25	211 of 211
Summer squash: Transplant outdoors	April 30	June 23	211 of 211
Summer squash: Sow outdoors	April 23	June 16	211 of 211
Sweet corn: Sow outdoors	April 23	June 16	211 of 211
Sweet potato: Plant slips	April 30	June 30	211 of 211
Tomato: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Turnip: Sow outdoors	March 26	June 2	211 of 211
Turnip: Sow for fall	June 20	September 22	211 of 211
Watermelon: Transplant outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211
Watermelon: Sow outdoors	May 7	June 30	211 of 211

Weather stations in Michigan

Every station in Michigan with NOAA frost-date normals, with its Typical 32°F frost dates and growing season. 2 of them have no 32°F frost dates.

Typical (30%) 32°F frost dates by station
Station	Elevation	Last frost	First frost	Growing season
ADRIAN 2 NNE, MI US	760 ft	May 8	October 9	156 days
ADRIAN LENAWEE CO AP, MI US	800 ft	May 4	October 12	164 days
ALBERTA FORD FOR CTR, MI US	1,310 ft	May 30	September 25	120 days
ALGONAC WWTP, MI US	580 ft	May 11	October 12	156 days
ALLEGAN 5NE, MI US	750 ft	May 11	October 8	151 days
ALMA, MI US	730 ft	May 8	October 7	156 days
ALPENA 10NW, MI US	740 ft	May 21	September 28	132 days
ALPENA CO RGNL AP, MI US	680 ft	May 23	September 27	128 days
ALPENA WWTP, MI US	590 ft	May 13	October 10	154 days
AMASA 1W, MI US	1,470 ft	June 14	September 2	80 days
ANN ARBOR MUNI AP, MI US	840 ft	May 16	September 28	138 days
ANN ARBOR SE, MI US	830 ft	May 11	October 4	150 days
ANN ARBOR U OF MICH, MI US	810 ft	May 10	October 7	150 days
ATLANTA 5 WNW, MI US	1,180 ft	May 19	September 30	136 days
ATLANTA, MI US	880 ft	May 28	September 21	118 days
AUBURN 2NE, MI US	600 ft	May 12	October 7	151 days
BAD AXE, MI US	710 ft	May 11	October 11	155 days
BARAGA 7NW, MI US	650 ft	May 31	September 17	112 days
BATTLE CREEK 5NW, MI US	920 ft	May 14	October 5	148 days
BATTLE CREEK KELLOGG AP, MI US	930 ft	May 6	October 13	161 days
BENTON HARBOR AP, MI US	630 ft	May 14	October 8	151 days
BENTON HARBOR AP, MI US	640 ft	May 11	October 10	155 days
BERGLAND DAM, MI US	1,300 ft	May 31	September 21	115 days
BEULAH 7SSW, MI US	770 ft	May 15	October 13	153 days
BIG BAY 1NW, MI US	770 ft	May 28	September 30	128 days
BIG RAPIDS WTP, MI US	900 ft	May 20	September 28	133 days
BLISSFIELD 1NNE, MI US	690 ft	May 5	October 7	159 days
BLOOMINGDALE, MI US	740 ft	May 14	October 5	147 days
BOYNE FALLS, MI US	730 ft	May 29	September 27	125 days
BURTON 4N, MI US	760 ft	May 14	September 30	141 days
CADILLAC 9&10 NEWS, MI US	1,360 ft	May 22	September 26	129 days
CADILLAC, MI US	1,290 ft	May 24	September 25	127 days
CARLETON 2W, MI US	630 ft	May 2	October 13	167 days
CARO WWTP, MI US	690 ft	May 15	October 3	145 days
CASS CITY 1 SSW, MI US	700 ft	May 15	October 4	143 days
CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIV, MI US	790 ft	May 6	October 13	163 days
CHAMPION VAN RIPER PK, MI US	1,600 ft	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station
CHARLEVOIX, MI US	590 ft	May 5	October 22	170 days
CHARLOTTE, MI US	900 ft	May 7	October 8	156 days
CHATHAM 1 SE, MI US	880 ft	June 2	September 20	115 days
CHATHAM EXP FARM 2, MI US	870 ft	June 5	September 18	107 days
CHEBOYGAN, MI US	590 ft	May 18	October 4	143 days
CHELSEA, MI US	900 ft	May 7	October 5	154 days
CLARKSBURG, MI US	1,550 ft	June 12	September 3	86 days
COLDWATER ST SCHOOL, MI US	980 ft	May 9	October 6	153 days
COPPER HARBOR FT WILKINS, MI US	630 ft	May 26	October 9	139 days
COPPER HARBOR, MI US	630 ft	May 19	October 14	149 days
CORNELL 5SE, MI US	790 ft	May 25	September 25	124 days
CORUNNA 2 NE, MI US	760 ft	May 10	October 7	153 days
COVINGTON 1NNW, MI US	1,610 ft	May 22	September 23	126 days
CROSS VILLAGE 1E, MI US	720 ft	May 22	October 7	143 days
DEARBORN #2, MI US	600 ft	May 2	October 20	172 days
DEARBORN, MI US	600 ft	May 8	October 9	158 days
DETOUR VILLAGE, MI US	600 ft	May 11	October 14	158 days
DETROIT CITY AP, MI US	630 ft	April 27	October 24	182 days
DETROIT METRO AP, MI US	630 ft	April 28	October 22	180 days
DETROIT WILLOW RUN AP, MI US	780 ft	April 30	October 18	170 days
DOWAGIAC 1 W, MI US	740 ft	May 11	October 5	149 days
DUNDEE, MI US	660 ft	May 2	October 15	167 days
DURAND WWTP, MI US	770 ft	May 9	October 5	151 days
E GRAND RAPIDS, MI US	750 ft	May 14	October 5	149 days
E JORDAN 2NW, MI US	650 ft	May 22	October 1	134 days
E JORDAN, MI US	590 ft	May 28	September 25	123 days
E TAWAS, MI US	590 ft	May 16	October 1	140 days
EAST LANSING 4 S, MI US	880 ft	May 4	October 11	164 days
EATON RAPIDS, MI US	870 ft	May 6	October 8	157 days
EAU CLAIRE 4 NE, MI US	840 ft	April 28	October 23	180 days
ENGADINE MDOT, MI US	690 ft	May 31	September 24	118 days
ESCANABA, MI US	590 ft	May 20	October 3	139 days
ESSEXVILLE, MI US	590 ft	May 2	October 14	166 days
FARMINGTON, MI US	720 ft	May 8	October 10	157 days
FIFE LAKE 2WNW, MI US	1,050 ft	May 30	September 26	122 days
FILION 5NNW, MI US	630 ft	May 14	October 9	152 days
FLINT 7W, MI US	680 ft	May 10	October 7	153 days
FLINT BISHOP INTL AP, MI US	770 ft	May 13	October 4	147 days
FRANKENMUTH 1SE, MI US	630 ft	May 10	October 6	152 days
FRANKFORT 2NE, MI US	950 ft	May 9	October 19	164 days
FREMONT 4 WSW, MI US	800 ft	May 16	October 6	147 days
GARDEN CORNERS, MI US	590 ft	May 23	September 13	118 days
GAYLORD 9 SSW, MI US	1,460 ft	May 21	October 1	136 days
GAYLORD 9SSW, MI US	1,470 ft	May 20	October 1	139 days
GAYLORD OTSEGO CO AP, MI US	1,330 ft	May 28	September 22	120 days
GAYLORD, MI US	1,320 ft	May 31	September 21	118 days
GLADWIN, MI US	770 ft	May 16	October 1	139 days
GLENNIE 2SE, MI US	890 ft	May 24	September 24	124 days
GOODRICH, MI US	910 ft	May 8	October 8	156 days
GRAND HAVEN WWTP, MI US	600 ft	May 6	October 16	165 days
GRAND MARAIS 2 E, MI US	620 ft	June 2	October 4	128 days
GRAND RAPIDS, MI US	780 ft	May 4	October 13	165 days
GRAYLING, MI US	1,140 ft	May 30	September 21	115 days
GREENLAND 6N, MI US	790 ft	May 31	September 23	119 days
GREENVILLE 2 NNE, MI US	880 ft	May 25	September 23	124 days
GROSSE POINTE FARMS, MI US	610 ft	May 3	October 16	168 days
GULL LAKE BIOLOGICAL STN, MI US	920 ft	May 6	October 13	163 days
HALE 5SSW #2, MI US	820 ft	May 29	September 21	118 days
HALE LOUD DAM, MI US	730 ft	May 21	October 1	134 days
HANCOCK HOUGHTON CO AP, MI US	1,060 ft	May 24	September 26	129 days
HARBOR BEACH 1 SSE, MI US	600 ft	May 8	October 18	165 days
HARRISVILLE 2NNE, MI US	580 ft	May 15	October 10	151 days
HART 3 WSW, MI US	770 ft	May 20	October 3	141 days
HASTINGS, MI US	820 ft	May 11	October 6	150 days
HELL, MI US	890 ft	May 5	October 8	158 days
HERMAN, MI US	1,720 ft	June 6	September 15	105 days
HESPERIA 4 WNW, MI US	780 ft	May 24	September 24	126 days
HILLSDALE, MI US	1,080 ft	May 10	October 6	152 days
HOLLAND TULIP CITY AP, MI US	690 ft	May 4	October 15	166 days
HOLLAND WTP, MI US	620 ft	May 2	October 17	169 days
HOUGHTON LAKE 2NW, MI US	1,160 ft	May 26	September 25	127 days
HOUGHTON LAKE 6 WSW, MI US	1,130 ft	June 5	September 7	96 days
HOUGHTON LK ROSCOMMON AP, MI US	1,150 ft	May 27	September 17	115 days
HOWELL WWTP, MI US	920 ft	May 11	October 3	147 days
IONIA 2SSW, MI US	810 ft	May 10	October 6	152 days
IRON MTN FORD AP, MI US	1,150 ft	May 30	September 18	114 days
IRON MTN-KINGSFORD WWTP, MI US	1,070 ft	May 23	September 25	128 days
IRONWOOD #2, MI US	1,520 ft	May 26	September 22	120 days
IRONWOOD, MI US	1,430 ft	May 27	September 26	124 days
ISHPEMING WWTP, MI US	1,410 ft	May 31	September 17	110 days
JACKSON REYNOLDS FLD, MI US	1,000 ft	May 7	October 8	156 days
JACOBSVILLE, MI US	650 ft	June 6	September 18	106 days
KALAMAZOO BATTLE CK INTL AP, MI US	870 ft	May 4	October 12	163 days
KALKASKA 11SE, MI US	1,080 ft	June 2	September 15	108 days
KALKASKA, MI US	1,040 ft	May 30	September 24	119 days
KENT CITY 2 SW, MI US	840 ft	May 22	September 23	126 days
KI SAWYER WWTP, MI US	1,120 ft	May 20	September 25	131 days
LAKE CITY EXP FARM, MI US	1,230 ft	May 28	September 20	116 days
LANSING CAPITAL CITY AP, MI US	840 ft	May 7	October 6	153 days
LAPEER 2W, MI US	840 ft	May 11	October 7	152 days
LAPEER WWTP, MI US	820 ft	May 12	October 7	151 days
LEXINGTON WTP, MI US	620 ft	May 10	October 17	163 days
LINDEN WWTP, MI US	860 ft	May 10	October 7	153 days
LUDINGTON 4 SE, MI US	690 ft	May 23	October 1	133 days
LUPTON 1S, MI US	910 ft	May 27	September 23	121 days
MANCHESTER, MI US	960 ft	May 6	October 8	157 days
MANISTEE 3SE, MI US	670 ft	May 22	October 5	142 days
MANISTIQUE WWTP, MI US	600 ft	May 15	October 5	146 days
MAPLE CITY 1E, MI US	800 ft	May 28	October 3	130 days
MARQUETTE, MI US	670 ft	May 15	October 15	155 days
MARQUETTE, MI US	1,410 ft	May 29	September 22	121 days
MIDLAND, MI US	640 ft	May 5	October 9	158 days
MILAN 4 ESE, MI US	670 ft	May 12	October 4	149 days
MILAN WWTP, MI US	680 ft	May 1	October 12	167 days
MILFORD GM PROVING GROUND, MI US	970 ft	May 13	October 5	149 days
MIO HYDRO PLT, MI US	960 ft	May 25	September 27	127 days
MIO WWTP, MI US	1,040 ft	May 27	September 25	124 days
MONROE, MI US	590 ft	April 29	October 18	174 days
MONTAGUE 4 NW, MI US	650 ft	May 27	September 27	127 days
MORAN, MI US	690 ft	May 29	September 24	122 days
MORENCI, MI US	770 ft	May 9	October 2	148 days
MT CLEMENS ANG BASE, MI US	580 ft	May 5	October 18	165 days
MUNISING, MI US	680 ft	May 23	October 8	140 days
MUNSING LAKESHORE, MI US	610 ft	May 29	October 3	129 days
MUSKEGON CO AP, MI US	630 ft	May 7	October 12	162 days
NEWBERRY CORRECTIONAL FACILITY, MI US	890 ft	May 27	September 29	127 days
NEWPORT 4SSE, MI US	580 ft	May 2	October 17	168 days
NILES, MI US	650 ft	May 4	October 19	171 days
NORTHPORT 2W, MI US	750 ft	May 16	October 19	160 days
NW MICHIGAN RSCH FARM, MI US	820 ft	May 5	October 26	174 days
NWSFO GRAND RAPIDS, MI US	770 ft	May 7	October 8	158 days
OIL CITY 2S, MI US	680 ft	May 22	September 23	125 days
OLD MISSION 3SSW, MI US	660 ft	May 20	October 12	148 days
ONAWAY 4N, MI US	750 ft	May 27	September 25	125 days
ONTONAGON 6 SE, MI US	790 ft	June 2	September 25	116 days
OWOSSO WWTP, MI US	730 ft	May 7	October 8	156 days
PARADISE, MI US	630 ft	June 5	September 25	113 days
PAULDING, MI US	1,370 ft	June 4	September 12	102 days
PELLSTON AP #2, MI US	710 ft	May 28	September 20	119 days
PELLSTON RGNL AP, MI US	710 ft	June 6	September 13	97 days
PETOSKEY NCMC, MI US	750 ft	May 23	October 4	138 days
PETOSKEY, MI US	600 ft	May 12	October 11	156 days
PICKFORD 3NE, MI US	630 ft	June 5	September 18	107 days
PONTIAC OAKLAND CO INTL AP, MI US	980 ft	May 5	October 14	165 days
PONTIAC WWTP, MI US	890 ft	May 2	October 16	169 days
PORT AUSTIN WWTP, MI US	600 ft	May 10	October 19	163 days
PORT HOPE, MI US	600 ft	May 11	October 17	160 days
PORT HOPE, MI US	590 ft	May 4	October 30	178 days
PORT HURON, MI US	590 ft	April 25	October 30	188 days
RAPID RVR 4SSE, MI US	600 ft	May 25	September 28	128 days
RICHMOND 4 NNW, MI US	770 ft	May 6	October 14	162 days
ROGERS CITY, MI US	620 ft	May 16	October 6	146 days
RUDYARD 4N, MI US	750 ft	May 31	September 24	118 days
RUDYARD 5SE, MI US	670 ft	June 7	September 16	100 days
S BOARDMAN 2W, MI US	1,050 ft	May 31	September 28	124 days
S HAVEN, MI US	590 ft	April 23	November 1	193 days
SAGINAW #3, MI US	600 ft	May 4	October 15	167 days
SAGINAW MBS INTL AP, MI US	660 ft	May 3	October 11	163 days
SAINT JOHNS, MI US	740 ft	May 3	October 17	171 days
SALINE 4SW, MI US	840 ft	May 9	October 5	152 days
SALINE WWTP, MI US	750 ft	May 8	October 5	153 days
SANDUSKY, MI US	770 ft	May 7	October 9	157 days
SAULT STE MARIE SANDERSON FLD, MI US	720 ft	May 17	October 5	142 days
SAULT STE MARIE, MI US	630 ft	May 28	September 30	128 days
ST IGNACE MACKINAC BR, MI US	600 ft	May 13	October 16	159 days
ST IGNACE, MI US	660 ft	May 22	October 7	141 days
ST JAMES 4SSW BEAVER, MI US	670 ft	May 18	October 11	150 days
STAMBAUGH 2SSE, MI US	1,450 ft	June 12	September 3	84 days
STANDISH 4NE, MI US	620 ft	May 13	October 4	148 days
STEPHENSON 5WSW, MI US	690 ft	May 28	September 20	118 days
TAHQUAMENON FALLS SP, MI US	750 ft	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station	Not calculated: frost this cold is possible year-round at this station
TECUMSEH, MI US	780 ft	May 9	October 7	153 days
THREE RIVERS, MI US	810 ft	May 6	October 11	161 days
TIPTON 2WNW, MI US	970 ft	May 13	October 5	149 days
TRAVERSE CITY CHERRY CPTL AP, MI US	620 ft	May 19	October 9	146 days
TRAVERSE CITY MUNSON, MI US	630 ft	May 16	October 9	148 days
TROUT LAKE 1SW, MI US	820 ft	May 28	September 24	122 days
VANDERBILT 11ENE, MI US	900 ft	June 16	September 5	84 days
VASSAR, MI US	630 ft	May 16	October 1	141 days
W BRANCH 3SE, MI US	880 ft	May 20	September 29	134 days
WATTON 2WSW, MI US	1,390 ft	June 1	September 19	114 days
WELLSTON 1N, MI US	770 ft	June 3	September 20	111 days
WHITE LAKE 4E, MI US	1,050 ft	May 17	October 1	140 days
WHITEFISH PT, MI US	620 ft	May 29	October 7	135 days
WHITMORE LAKE 1NW, MI US	910 ft	May 12	October 7	152 days
YALE 1 NNW, MI US	820 ft	May 18	October 1	139 days

Data sources

NOAA U.S. Climate Normals, frost dates, 1991–2020 normals, version 1.0.1: Files: us-climate-normals_1991-2020_v1.0.1_annualseasonal_multivariate_by-station_c20230404.tar.gz, inventory_30yr.txt from NOAA NCEI. Retrieved October 10, 2026.